A Short Introduction to the History of Oswestry School

On the far-western edge of the Shropshire Plain, nestling up against the foothills of the Welsh mountains, liesour school which, since its foundation 600 years ago, in 1407, has taught generations of pupils in an unbroken sequence. Not only is the antiquity of this establishment, Oswestry School, remarkable, but the nature of its founding too. Unlike every earlier school (except one, Winchester College, founded some twenty years before), Oswestry was founded on a truly independent basis, having no connection to any ecclesiastical foundation, thereby earning it the title ‘Free’. Whilst not being anti-religious, its governance was in the hands of local non-clerical Trustees.

Its founder, a local wealthy landowner, lawyer and politician, David Holbache, together with his wife Guinevere, put into trust some lands, the rents from which would pay for a schoolmaster. This far-sighted man, friend of Owain Glyndwr and War-Treasurer for the newly-crowned Henry IV, had the kind of vision and love of learning which characterized this early period of the Renaissance. Taking advantage of a gradual loosening of the restrictions imposed by the Feudal System, and perhaps hoping to heal some of the wounds and bitter feelings amongst the local people following such an unsettled period in the Marches region, Holbache’s new school made provision for the teaching of Latin, Greek and English Grammar.

Established in the ancient half-timbered building close to the great Parish Church of St. Oswald in 1407, the School would later attract the attention of such great names as Cromwell and Elizabeth I: the former dismissed the current headmaster for being a ‘Delinquent’ (too ‘Royalist’) whilst the latter gave to the School an endowment of ‘forty shillings per annum’ to help with its running. Early archive records show that a small percentage of the subsidized school-fees was set aside to pay for the pupil entertainment of those days – cockfighting!

Changes to the governance of the School in the mid-seventeenth century saw a gradual transition from the lay Trustees to a group of lay and clerical governors headed by the Bishop of St. Asaph, who, from that time on, would appoint the Headmaster. Henceforth, these would be ordained men, a tradition which would extend into the twentieth century.

Increasing numbers in the mid eighteenth century meant a move for the School to its present site, on land next to the battlefield where, in 642 AD the Christian King Oswald was defeated by the Pagan King Penda. The fine Georgian building, constructed in 1776 on land leased (and later bought) from a local aristocrat, still retains its original elegance, despite the additions of many other School buildings near it since. Its closest neighbour, the neo-Gothic Victorian chapel, built in 1863, stands looking across at St. Oswald’s Maes-y-llan battlefield, now the School’s extensive playing-fields.

Two World Wars took their inevitable toll, but the School recovered and thrived. Ever-growing numbers saw the formation of a Prep School, while a new boarding house was created following the purchase of the old Cottage Hospital, renamed ‘Holbache House’, recently replaced with the opening of an excellent new boarding house on the main campus.

A major change took place in 1972: with the admission of girls, the School became co-educational. Shortly after this, the local pre-preparatory school, Bellan House, was taken over, thereby eventually allowing the School to offer education spanning the widest possible range – now 2 years up to 18.

Like most schools of its type, many of Oswestry School’s illustrious Old Boys entered the Church, Army or Foreign Civil Service. Amongst many Old Oswestrians of note are Rev. Thomas Bray DD (founder of the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel): Edward Lhuyd (naturalist, botanist, linguist, geographer and antiquary): Bishop Humphrey Humphreys (who translated the Bible into Welsh): soldier, adventurer and writer Col. Frederick Gustavus Burnaby: The Rev Canon William Archibald Spooner DD (Warden of New College, Oxford, of ‘Spoonerism’ notoriety): John Godfrey Parry Thomas (twice holder of the World Land Speed Record): Sir Charles Moses (general manager of the Australian Broadcasting Commission for 30 years) and finally, Ivor Roberts-Jones CBE RA (sculptor and portraitist whose most famous work is the, perhaps, definitive statue of Sir Winston Churchill in London's Parliament Square).

Despite the normal ups-and-downs which occasionally beset any ancient institution, this remarkable foundation of David and Guinevere Holbache continues to flourish. Its antiquity is a source of pride: the traditions, standards and collective wisdom, which the sheer longevity of Oswestry School has allowed to gather and mature, bring to the School ethos something unique –intangible, perhaps, but nevertheless very real and immensely valuable.